The requirements for computer graphics stems from rendering games.
See computer-graphics-software for the software side.
GPU Hierarchy - Comparison of Graphics Cards for Gaming
GPU Database | TechPowerUp performance comparison
How Do Graphics Cards Work? - ExtremeTech
RAM of GPU matters the most on high texture and output resolution.
A REVOLUTION in graphics is coming - YouTube
A REVOLUTION in graphics #2 - YouTube
The History of the Modern Graphics Processor
GPU 博物館給獨立團隊送電腦啦!還採訪了獨立遊戲大佬! - YouTube
Scratchapixel Learn Computer Graphics From Scratch!
History
some will touch on game graphics
Ahoy
A Brief History of Graphics - YouTube
A Brief History of Graphics - YouTube series
The Evolution Of A GPU: From Gaming To Computing | OpenGrowth
Future of Gaming | OpenGrowth
The 30 Year History of AMD Graphics, In Pictures
The History Of Nvidia GPUs
GPU Tier List - Nvidia Edition! - YouTube
【科技杂谈 79】从 GTX 到 RTX,NVIDIA GEFORCE 显卡家族的历史(1999-2019) - YouTube
The Evolution of Nvidia GeForce Graphics (1999-2022) - YouTube
Asianometry
How Nvidia Won Graphics Cards - YouTube
How Nvidia Won AI - YouTube
极客湾 Geekerwan
20 年前的游戏与 PC:探秘 3D 游戏史上最辉煌的岁月(上) - YouTube
N 卡是如何崛起的?20 年前的 PC 和游戏(下) - YouTube
A 卡崛起之路:重现当年 AN 显卡巅峰对决! - YouTube
Rendering/Compositor
Immediate mode (computer graphics) - Wikiwand
Immediate mode GUI - Wikiwand 🤔incorrect?
About the IMGUI paradigm · ocornut/imgui Wiki ❗!important
Immediate Mode Model/View/Controller
Retained mode - Wikiwand
linebender/2d.graphics: Repo for an ideational book on 2D graphics, plus tools to make images
2D Graphics on Modern GPU | Raph Levien’s blog
The compositor is evil | Raph Levien’s blog
Swapchains and frame pacing | Raph Levien’s blog
How to think about the compositor in 2022 · Issue #77 · raphlinus/raphlinus.github.io
Font Rendering
Text layout is a loose hierarchy of segmentation | Raph Levien’s blog
Minikin retrospective | Raph Levien’s blog
Project Minikin
Rethinking text layout in Android and beyond [LWN.net]
Antialiasing/Up-sampling/Up-scaling
Anti-aliasing - Wikiwand
Spatial anti-aliasing - Wikiwand
Glossary:Anti-aliasing (AA) - PCGamingWiki PCGW - bugs, fixes, crashes, mods, guides and improvements for every PC game
TweakGuides.com - Crysis 3 Tweak Guide
Tech Focus: Anti-Aliasing - What Is It And Why Do We Need It? - YouTube
FXAA does AA on full screen post-processing and may introduce blurriness
SMAA based on MLAA post-processing and may add temporal AA to the mix (which causes shadows for slow moving objects) *
TSSAA/TXAA uses temporal information (previous frames) to do AA, but the averaging may cause blurring/ghosting
MSAA is the traditional approach but takes more resources, only super sample on polygon edges
SSAA super sample AA, super sample on all pixels
DLAA Deep learning Super Sampling (nVidia) AA
DSR Dynamic Super Resolution
【硬件科普】免费提升画质和帧数?详解 DLSS2.0 的工作原理与作用 - YouTube
NVIDIA Killed Their Own Premium Products - Can we tell if DLSS 2.0 is on? - YouTube
Did Nvidia Just Do Us A Favor? - DLDSR Explained - YouTube
免费的性能增强是怎么来的?DLSS/NIS/FSR 技术解析 - YouTube
Yes, DLSS 3 works on 20 and 30 series GPUs. But what does that even mean? - YouTube DLSS brand consists of 3 technologies:
- DL Super-resolution and AA (debuted DLSS 1.0, improved in 2.0)
- DL Frame generation (debuted DLSS 3.0)
- Ray Reconstruction (debuted DLSS 3.5)
Cyberpunk 2.0 Ray Reconstruction Comparison, DLSS 3.5, & Benchmarks - YouTube
Cyberpunk 2.0 Ray Reconstruction Comparison, DLSS 3.5, & Benchmarks - YouTube
GDC 2023: Introducing the FidelityFX SDK with new technologies, an early look at FSR 3 + more! - AMD GPUOpen
AMD FidelityFX Super Resolution, FSR 測試 / 效能提升 畫質稍減 邊緣重建 | XFastest News
What Is AMD's FSR and What Does it Do?
AMD FidelityFX Super Resolution Quality Comparison & Benchmarks (FSR) - YouTube
AMD Radeon Super Resolution vs. FidelityFX Usability & Image Quality Comparison - YouTube
FSR is opt-in by game dev. RSR is a driver feature.
FSR > RSR
AMD FSR Based on Modified Lanczos Upscaler, Can Be Enabled On NVIDIA GPUs Using Control Panel For Similar Results In Games
FSR 2.0 is the complete reboot AMD's upscaling needed | Digital Trends
After testing AMD FSR 2.0, I'm almost ready to ditch DLSS | Digital Trends
Gamescope
Gamescope - LinuxReviews
ValveSoftware/gamescope: SteamOS session compositing window manager
Steam Deck - AMD FidelityFX Super Resolution Upscaling In Any Game... With Gamescope! - YouTube
Hardware Scheduling
Faster Gaming for FREE - Hardware GPU Scheduling Explained - YouTube
Resizable BAR
You'll need
- CPU:10th gen Intel or AMD 5000 series
- GPU:GeForce RTX 3000 or Radeon RX6000 series
- updated BIOS
GeForce RTX 30 Series Performance Accelerates With Resizable BAR Support | GeForce News | NVIDIA
Resizable BAR explained: How and why it makes your graphics card faster | PCWorld
What is Resizable BAR, and should you use it? | Rock Paper Shotgun
NVIDIA Resizable BAR 雙平台實測:AMD 加速幅度大,Intel 遊戲表現仍優 | 4Gamers
API
The next gen API all focus on exposing the low level GPU hardware to software developer.
Reaching Console Performance: Shader Intrinsic Functions | techPowerUp
WTF is going on with DX12 and Vulkan? - YouTube
Does DirectX 12 Suck? - YouTube
WTF is going on with SLI? - YouTube
Adapters are linked if they are close to the same hardware, unlinked otherwise.
Implicit Mode (linked implicitly) (IMA, Implicit Multiadaptor) is SLI/Crossfire.
Explicit Modes (EMA, Explicit Multiadaptor) can work on linked and unlinked hardware.
Bridging the synchronization gap on Linux explicit sync for Vulcan API, compositor expects implicit sync
DX12
Exclusive: The Nvidia and AMD DirectX 12 Editorial - Complete DX12 Graphic Card List with Specifications, Asynchronous Shaders and Hardware Features Explained ❗!important
DirectX 12 tested: An early win for AMD and disappointment for Nvidia | Ars Technica
Multi-GPU DirectX 12 shootouts show AMD with performance lead over Nvidia | Ars Technica
Direct3D 12 glossary - Win32 apps | Microsoft Learn
Asynchronous compute shaders in DX12 benefits the most when CPU is the bottleneck
Mental
Gaming: One of Mantle's Futures: Vulkan | Community Chronos Group has chosen the best and brightest parts of Mantle to serve as the foundation for "Vulkan"
Gaming: On APIs and the future of Mantle | Community AMD recommends DX12 or Vulcan
Mantle is a Vulkan: AMD's dead graphics API rises from the ashes in OpenGL's successor | PCWorld
AMD's Mantle 1.0 is dead; long live DirectX | PCWorld
Hardware
TODO: merge mobile-devices's info here
GPU Benchmarks Hierarchy - Graphics Card Rankings | Tom's Hardware
Ancient Gameplays - YouTube
Nvidia Ampere vs. AMD RDNA 2: Battle of the Architectures | TechSpot
GPU Architecture Deep Dive: AMD RDNA 3, Intel Arc Alchemist and Nvidia Ada Lovelace | TechSpot
Nvidia Ampere vs. AMD RDNA 2: Battle of the Architectures | TechSpot
Deep Dive: AMD RDNA 3, Intel Arc Alchemist and Nvidia Ada Lovelace GPU Architecture | TechSpot
【Jing 打細算】雙風扇跟三風扇的顯示卡要如何選擇? OC 版本真的值得嗎? - YouTube
3 fan has 2-4 FPS (~3%) advantage
NVIDIA
How Nvidia Won Graphics Cards - YouTube
List of Nvidia graphics processing units - Wikiwand
NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3080/3080 Ti: more VRAM, way faster and CHEAPER?!
NVIDIA 40 系顯卡性能翻倍無壓力:4060 打贏 3080、4070 打贏 3090,價格只是略微上漲「超極氪」 - YouTube
NVIDIA 控制面板最佳設置!讓顯卡性能暴漲、遊戲幀數提升的保姆級教程 - YouTube
什么是「显卡测不准原理」 - YouTube
1000 Maxwell mixed cores
2000 Turing int + fp cores
3000 Ampere int/fp mixed cores + fp cores
Multi-Instance GPU (MIG)
Multi-Instance GPU (MIG) | NVIDIA
Multi-Instance GPU — NVIDIA Cloud Native Technologies documentation
Multi-Instance GPU (MIG) :: CUDA Toolkit Documentation
Multi-Instance GPU (MIG) 設定 | 不務正業工程師的家
透過 MIG-PARTED 管理 MIG | 不務正業工程師的家
CLARA
Healthcare Developer Resources | NVIDIA Developer
Intelligent Computing for Healthcare | NVIDIA Clara
Build and Deploy AI for Medical Imaging | NVIDIA Clara Imaging
NVIDIA Clara Documentation
CLARA SDK 介紹 | 不務正業工程師的家
Clara Imaging - AIAA 介紹與範例 | 不務正業工程師的家
Triton
Triton Inference Server | NVIDIA Developer
triton-inference-server/server: The Triton Inference Server provides an optimized cloud and edge inferencing solution.
Triton Inference Server: The Basics and a Quick Tutorial
Triton Inference Server 介紹與範例 | 不務正業工程師的家
Triton 分類推論輸出轉成可讀性類別名稱 | 不務正業工程師的家
Triton 模型壓力測試 | 不務正業工程師的家
AMD
AMD's next-gen Navi GPU confirmed to support ray tracing
2022's RX6000 series (6nm Navi 24 and Rembrandt) is 2x faster than MX550 at the same TDP.
Radeon's DX11 driver was rewritten in 2022-07 which greatly improved stability and performance
How to Optimize AMD Radeon Settings For GAMING & Performance The Ultimate GUIDE 2023 - YouTube
AMD Says You’re Doing it Wrong. - Best settings for AMD GPUs - YouTube ReBAR, FSR
AMD RDNA 3 GPU Architecture Deep Dive: The Ryzen Moment for GPUs | Tom's Hardware
AMD RDNA3 GPU Architecture Deep-Dive: 7900 XTX Drivers, Rasterization, & Ray Tracing - YouTube
Intel Integrated Graphics
Intel UHD Graphics 620 GPU Review - Benchmarks and Specs - NotebookCheck.net Tech
Intel Iris Plus Graphics 655 vs Intel HD Graphics 4600
Iris Plus Graphics 655 vs HD Graphics 4600 [in 6 benchmarks]
UserBenchmark: Intel HD Graphics P4600 vs Iris Plus 655
Overclocking/Underclocking
Nvidia is Clearly Better, Right? - YouTube Hydra 1.2, RX 6000 undervolt
Why you should (or shouldn't) undervolt your GPU | PCWorld
AMD RMP 神級超頻工具,讓老 6800XT 顯示卡也能優化媲美 3090Ti | T 客邦
Hydra 1.2 AMD Ryzen Overclocking & Tuning Utility Ready For Zen 4 CPUs, Now Features 'RX-TUNER' For GPU Tuning Too
[Official] HYDRA (and HYDRA PRO) Thread | Overclock.net
How to UNDERVOLT AMD RX 6000 Series GPUs - YouTube
- ASRock 6700XT: 1100mV, 2400MHz (underclock, the speed at which thermal throttle)
- Try VRAM's "Fast Timing" (may not work)
- Overclock VRAM to 2112MHz
- Increase Power Limit
Quick & Easy Undervolting | MSI Afterburner Tutorial - YouTube
GTX 1080 undervolted and overclocked : overclocking
How To Overclock Your GPU - The Ultimate Easy Guide 2021 🔧 - YouTube
How To Overclock GPU: From easy to pro! - YouTube