Displays

A LCD display consists of two major components:

backlight
liquid crystals (the panel)

LCD panel can be made with different technologies and the quality varies.
The term "TFT" only indicates that each pixel is controlled by an independent transistor. It does not reflect the panel type used. We have to look into the datasheet when comparing LCD models.

The evolution of computer displays | Ars Technica
硬核显示技术系列视频有关显示器显示技术和屏幕一切你需要知道的事 - YouTube
【科技杂谈 75】电子世界之门——显示器的发展历史（上） - YouTube
【科技杂谈 76】【究极干货】显示器的历史 History of Display Technology - YouTube
Advanced Guide on Interfacing with a Video Display

Display Calibration 101: Step-By-Step With Datacolor's Spyder4Elite | Tom's Hardware
Imaging Science And Monitor Calibration | Tom's Hardware
Display Testing Explained: How We Test PC Monitors | Tom's Hardware

好屏如潮 - YouTube

2021 buy

2020 显示器选购指南千元篇 | 先看评测 - YouTube
百万光学实验数据，告诉你谁适合打游戏｜ 2022 千元电竞显示器消费者报告 - YouTube
4000 元内显示器选购指南 | 设计剪辑调色 4K 色准 - YouTube
【显示器选购指南】从零开始教你选择「适合」自己的显示器 - YouTube
Monitor Reviews: Best of 2021 - RTINGS.com
Best 1440p Gaming Monitors of 2021, Plus Best Value Picks - YouTube

New Monitors In 2021: What To Expect [Professional, Gaming]
Best Gaming Monitors 2021: Budget, 144Hz and More | Tom's Hardware

2K 价位最值得买的显示器？小米 27 英寸电竞显示器评测 | Xiaomi 144Hz Monitor Review - YouTube ~$2200
【Fun 科技】除去性价比，小米还剩什么？1999 元 2k144 小米带鱼屏评测:让年轻人心动的第一台显示器！ - YouTube
为设计师而生的高颜值 4K 显示器？AOC 创作旗舰系列 U27U2 体验 | AOC U27U2 Monitor Review - YouTube
1999 元 34 英寸带鱼屏飞利浦 342E2 体验 | Philips 342E2 Review - YouTube
【轻电科技】32 英寸 2K 144Hz 的高性价比之选三星 C32JG5 电竞显示器评测 - YouTube ~$3000
「小白測評」小米 34 曲面顯示器是否真香？ 2000 元檔高刷顯示器橫評體驗！ - YouTube $3000

delta E = 2 example
https://youtu.be/6QG0aPK2mDU?t=325

Philips 279C9, 4K, USB-C
BenQ PD2700U
Gigabyte G27Q 1440p 144Hz, G-Sync $2899

2023 buy

電視選購資訊(2023電視比較,推介及消委會評測) - 專題 - 香港格價網 Price.com.hk

真机实测！从 2000 到 3 万块的显示器，谁更值得买？ | 13 款 Mini LED 显示器消费者报告 - YouTube
【2023年4月】显示器保姆级推荐清单！该怎么买？买那款！你想看的都在这边了！小白避坑专辑，建议收藏！ - YouTube

ROG 電競螢幕 OLED PG42UQ 開箱評測優缺點｜ Swift PG48UQ、ASUS 顯示器、華碩電競、LG C2、OLED 電視、4K 電視、電腦螢幕、OLED 缺點、PTT 推薦｜科技狗 - YouTube

飛利浦電視 OLED707 開箱評測優缺點心得｜ Android TV、OLED 電視、Philips 電視、LG C2、OLED 螢幕、OLED.EX、PC 螢幕、電視機、螢幕推薦｜科技狗 - YouTube
OLED806 <-> LG G1
OLED707 <-> LG C2
OLED706 <-> LG C1

LG Panel

What Is Nano IPS? [Simple Guide] - DisplayNinja
LG nano-IPS panel, weak dark leading to low contrast (~700 rather than 1000:1 expected of an IPS)

LG 27GL850 2019, 1440p 144Hz 350nit HDR10, nano-IPS, G-Sync Compatible $3480
lg-27GL850-B
LG 27GL830 2019, 1440p 144Hz 350nit HDR10, nano-IPS, G-Sync Compatible $2980
LG 27GP850 2021, 1440p 165Hz 400nit HDR400, nano-IPS, G-Sync Compatible $3590 <<<
lg-27gp850-B
LG UltraGear 27GP850-B/EP 27 吋 Nano IPS QHD 180Hz 遊戲顯示器 - 2000Fun 商城香港人既遊戲店
 【好牛讲堂】LG 27GL830 与 27GL850 开箱对比分享到底应该选择哪款 NanoIPS 电竞显示器_哔哩哔哩 (゜-゜)つロ干杯~-bilibili
【小雪人评测】全球首款 1ms 灰阶响应 nanoIPS 面板！LG 27GL850 电竞显示器评测-G-sync Compatible 认证 - YouTube
LG 27GP850 Review: Faster, Clearer, Better | TechSpot

LG 27 吋 UltraGear 遊戲顯示器 27GL830 價錢、規格及用家意見 - 香港格價網 Price.com.hk $2980
LG 27" UltraGear QHD Nano IPS 1ms 遊戲顯示器 27GP850-B 價錢、規格及用家意見 - 香港格價網 Price.com.hk $3570
LG UltraGear 27GP850-B/EP 27 吋 Nano IPS QHD 180Hz 遊戲顯示器 - 2000Fun 商城香港人既遊戲店 $3590
GIGABYTE 27" Flat Gaming LCD Monitor G27F 價錢、規格及用家意見 - 香港格價網 Price.com.hk w/speaker $1950
GIGABYTE G27F Gaming Monitor Review - Feature Packed! - YouTube

ViewSonic XG270QG, 1440p 144Hz, G-Sync $5499
AOC AG273QXP, 1440p 170Hz, G-Sync Compatible $3880
Philips 275M1RZ, 1440p 170Hz, G-Sync Compatible $4080

LG 27GN800 2020, 1440p 144Hz HDR10, G-Sync Compatible $2590
LG 32GN600 2020, 1440p 144Hz HDR10, G-Sync Compatible $2880

LG 27GN950 4K 144Hz, G-Sync $7000
LG 27GL850 Review, Is This The Ultimate 1440p 144Hz Gaming Monitor? - YouTube G-Sync USD$500
ViewSonic Elite XG270QG Review, Buy This or LG 27GL850 for 1440p Gaming? - YouTube G-Sync USD$600
Gigabyte FI27Q-P Review, High-End 1440p 165Hz IPS for Gaming - YouTube G-Sync USD$600

Samsung Panel

Neo QLED: Quantum Dot LED-backlit LCD, QuantumMatrix Technology, Mini LED
Mini LED can reach 1000nit

QLED vs OLED - Which Is Best? [Simple Guide] - DisplayNinja
I REALLY Wanted to Try This... - YouTube Mini LED

The Future of TVs is NOT What You Think! - YouTube
This Boiling Liquid goes in your MONITOR - Facility Tour! - YouTube
Samsung just made everything else OBSOLETE - YouTube QD (Quantum dots) OLED
This isn't Sponsored. - QD-OLED Monitors Rule! - YouTube
Use blue OLED as backlight and ink jet printed quantum dots to convert to red and green with high efficiency

Interface

HDMI vs. DisplayPort vs. DVI vs. VGA: Which connection to choose? - CNET
HDMI Vs. DisplayPort: Which Is Better For Gaming? | Tom's Hardware
Does This Connector Even Do Anything? - YouTube only HDMI supports ARC
【显示器线】HDMI 和 DP 谁更强？科普 VGA、HDMI 和 DP 等显示器连接线的区别 - YouTube
DisplayPort vs HDMI: What's Best for High Refresh Rate Gaming? | TechSpot
Why all HDMI cables are the same - CNET
HTG Explains: Do You Really Need Expensive Cables?
How to tell DVI-I and DVI-D cables apart - How-To - PC Advisor DVI-I can carry digital and analog signal
How To Extend Your HDMI Cables - DIY Tech
The Difference Between Converting HDMI to DisplayPort and DisplayPort to HDMI

DisplayPort Dual Mode/DP++ can passively output HDMI signals

【硬件科普】4K144Hz 需要传输多少数据，教你如何正确的计算显示器的带宽需求？ - YouTube

HDMI 2.1 Isn't What It Seems - YouTube since late 2021, must check individual supported features
There's ANOTHER Version of HDMI - YouTube HDMI 2.1a
8K/60Hz, 10K/120Hz
48Gbps
Dynamic HDR
Variable Refresh Rate (VRR)
Auto Low Latency (ALLM)
eARC
Source Based Tone Mapping (reduce latency for HDR)

HDMI ARC and HDMI eARC: everything you need to know | What Hi-Fi?
HDMI ARC and eARC: What They Are and Why You Should Care | Digital Trends

DisplayPort is splittable and daisy-chained (Multi-Stream Transport (MST))
DisplayPort can be carried over USB-C port

VESA 發表全新 DisplayPort 2.1 規格新增頻寬管理功能提升傳輸效率 - 巴哈姆特

Thunderbolt = DisplayPort + PCIe
Thunderbolt 1 and 2 uses Mini DisplayPort port
Thunderbolt 3 also uses USB-C port (with a lighting icon)
Difference Between Thunderbolt 3 and USB-C: EveryMac.com
USB-C and Thunderbolt 3: Here's everything you need to know - CNET
USB4 will support Thunderbolt and double the speed of USB 3.2

HDMI, DisplayPort, VGA, and DVI as Fast As Possible - YouTube
Should You Use HDMI, DisplayPort, or USB-C for a 4K Monitor?

Backlight

Desktop LCD monitors used to use fluorescent lamp (CCFL) as light source.
Recently white LED (WLED) (blue LED with yellow fluorescent coating) has been used to reduce heat dissipation, energy consumption and also allows the monitor to be thinner.

KSF with better color gamut has been used in 2022 and phasing out WLED.

Panel

Backlight:

LED
Mini LED

Backlight (per pixel):

OLED/WOLED
Micro LED

QDLED/QDOLED (quantum dot), makes white from blue light, then used RGB filter, enhances color of LED

Polarizing layer:

TN (Twisted Nematic): fast response time
VA (Vertical Alignment)
PLS (Plane to Line Switching)
IPS (In-Plane Switching)

Panel Technologies - TN Film, MVA, PVA, IPS, PLS ❗!important
What is an IPS Monitor? A Practical Guide to Understanding Display Technology
LCD Panel Technology: IPS, VA, PLS, AHVA & TN Monitors
Display Tech Compared: TN vs. VA vs. IPS | TechSpot
Display Panel Type Differences Defined - TN vs. IPS, PLS, VA, & More | Gamers Nexus - Gaming PC Builds & Hardware Benchmarks
What is VA (Vertical Alignment) Technology? - YouTube
PLS vs IPS - Which Panel Type Should I Choose? [Simple Guide]

LCD and TFT Monitor Reviews - TFTCentral
LCD, LED, Plasma, OLED TVs as Fast As Possible - YouTube
Making OLED Displays - YouTube

硬件茶谈
【硬件科普】全网最简洁易懂的 OLED 与 LCD 屏幕工作原理与优劣科普 - YouTube
【硬件科普】显示器的色域和色准是什么东西？他会影响哪些体验 - YouTube
【硬件科普】显示器的色域是越广越好吗？色彩管理说的是什么东西？为什么广色域显示器最好要做色彩管理？ - YouTube
【硬件科普】一个视频带你了解 LCD OLED QLED mini-LED 等显示技术的区别 - YouTube

先看评测
屏幕居然能打印了？探秘低调的中国顶级面板工厂 - YouTube prints OLED panel to reduce cost, also makes mini LED
中国的 OLED 屏幕，做到什么地步了？ - YouTube LTPO, coating instead of polarizer, under screen camera
花 76 亿改了一个字？探秘苏州顶级面板工厂 - YouTube TCL bought Samsung's factory
2021 年小米电视的性价比回来了吗？小米电视 6、小米 ES2022 评测 - YouTube demos 分區背光

They Discontinued This Before I Could Buy One! - YouTube Hisense's 2 panels display, high latency

Each pixel in OLED is controlled independently and hence can be completely turned off, saving battery and increasing contrast
However the blue LED will deteriorate over time faster then the other LEDs
And OLED's brightness is limited if the whole screen is bright
LG's WRGB LED used white LED and filter to achieve RGB colors in a pixel, and a white LED to compensate the brightness decrease caused by the filter
Vendors will limit the brightness to make OLED last longer
Why THIS New TV Matters! (Mini LED Explained) - YouTube
Each pixel has its own mini LED as backlight, producing a panel like OLED that archives higher contrast
Halo effect for small object since blocks of mini LED are turned on together
Mini LED 决战 OLED ？华为 2880 分区电视 V75 Super 评测 - YouTube
未来显示技术 MicroLED 详解「SIGNOW」 - YouTube
王思聪的新电视 110 寸 110 万详解 MicroLED 技术买电视我就送特斯拉 Model 3 - YouTube
Mini LED in principal is LCD with thousands of regions (~3000 in 2021)
Mini LED have worse viewing angle
Both Mini LED and OLED are transitional technologies
MicroLEDs: Lighting The Way To A Solid OLED Competitor | Hackaday
MicroLED - Will It Replace OLED? - YouTube OLED pixels (with its carbon based structure) will deteriorate over time, MicroLED uses the same principle (one LED for each color) and eliminates the drawbacks of LCD and OLED; this is when Mini LED solutions reduces the region size to 1 LED
There is limits on how small a MicroLED could be made (in 2022), so MicroLED is only seen on huge screens