Podcast

Podcasts in iTune should have an underlying RSS (not hosted by Apple), you can extract it with Podcast URL Extractor.
Most podcasts site nowadays also provide RSS for subscription.

How to Download Podcasts Without iTunes
How to Download and Listen to Podcasts on Android and iPhone | Digital Trends

History

10 years of podcasting: Code, comedy, and patent lawsuits | Ars Technica
Secret Histories of Podcasting | Benjamen Walker's Theory of Everything
Hot Pod: Decoding the secret histories of podcasting » Nieman Journalism Lab
BBC Radio 4 - Podcasting - The First Ten Years

Heroes of Podcasting #1: Prof. Brandenburg, Inventor of MP3 | Curious Minds
Heroes Of Podcasting #2: Jay Soderberg (The PodVader), VP of BlogTalkRadio | Curious Minds
Heroes of Podcasting #3: Leo Laporte, This Week In Tech | Curious Minds
Heroes Of Podcasting #4: Todd Cochrane, CEO of RawVoice (Blubrry)

Directories

Podcast Directory: podfeed.net
Podbay.fm - Stream any podcast in the universe quickly and easily.
Welcome to Podcast Chart | Podcast Chart
Stitcher Radio On Demand
Podcast Gallery - The Best Audio and Video Podcasts
Player FM - Internet Radio Done Right

100 Best Radio Podcasts for 2014 | Digital Trends

guipdutra/awesome-geek-podcasts

Audio Books

LibriVox (genre)
7,000+ Free Audio Books & eBook Downloads - Loyal Books
Top Shelf Book | Download Free Ebooks And Audiobooks
700 Free Audio Books: Download Great Books for Free | Open Culture

Websites To Download Free Audio Books - Hongkiat
Best Websites for Free Audiobooks | Digital Trends
20 Websites To Download Free Audio Books - Hongkiat

App

The six best podcast apps for Android | Android Central

I need an app that can:

download subscriptions automatically
speed up playback
remove silence

Podcast & Radio Addict - Android Apps on Google Play
Player FM Podcast App - Android Apps on Google Play I used Player.fm for a while, but the free version is limited the podcast subscription to 20.

BashPodder - the best podcatcher

Podcasts

Tech

Technology | TED.com
Cucumber Podcast RSS by Cucumber on iTunes Blog·Cucumber
Podcast Archives - Software Engineering Daily
Curious Minds Podcast Science, Technology and History
Software Engineering Radio
New Rustacean
FLOSS Weekly
The Changelog - Open source moves fast. Keep up.
The No Fluff Just Stuff Podcast with Michael Carducci - No Fluff Just Stuff
Command Line Heroes
Talk Python To Me Podcast

Clockwise - Relay FM Four people, four tech topics, 30 minutes
My Hard Drive Died | Podnutz

Web

The Web Ahead designer focused, more on CSS
5 Minutes of Javascript
Motion And Meaning: A podcast about motion design for digital designers with Val Head and Cennydd Bowles.
NodeUp
Podcasts - The New Stack
Versioning Show | Site Point
The Changelog #255: Why is GraphQL so cool? with Johannes Schickling | News and podcasts for developers | Changelog

5by5 | The Big Web Show (unsubscripted, low SNR) hosted by creator of A List Apart
Front End Happy Hour (unsubscripted)
JavaScript Jabber (unsubscripted, low audio quality)
Web Security Warriors (unsubscripted)